Hydroponics and Its Effects Against Deforestation

Plants are a necessary part of our everyday life. It is common knowledge that plants are vital to the existence of the human race. So if the Earth s vegetation was extinguished, it would logical to say that one result would be the extinction of most animal life. Most human beings do not pay attention to the extent that they use our planets resources and fail to properly replenish them. Although there are groups that work hard to conserve forest and vegetation, they have yet to be powerful enough to counter deforestation. Deforestation is the aware or unaware conversion or development of forested land into non-forested land. In response to deforestation everyone must work to replenish everything that they consume. The problem is that most†¦show more content†¦Desperation called for the Aztec to develop a clear way to produce goods with limited resources. Hydroponics made it possible for the Aztec to become one of the greatest tribes in South America. The rafts allowed them to supply all their people after they conquered those who had conquered them. There are hieroglyphics which date back to before Christ that describe hydroponics growth in the Nile River. In ancient times hydroponics was natural, but around the late 1500 s it started to become a scientific interest. In 1600, Belgian, Jan Van Helmont constructed an experiment to determine what were the substances that plants needed to survive. Van Helmont planted a willow shout in two-hundred pounds of dirt, which he covered to protect it. He watered the five pound shout everyday for five years. When he weighed the shout it weighed one-hundred and sixty-five pound while the soil weighed only two ounces less that it s original two-hundred pounds. This experiment showed that the substances needed in order to grow the plant were not in the soil but what was being put in the soil, the water. In 1699, John Woodward started making scientific contributions to the process of hydroponics. Woodward sampled variet ies of soil and combined them with water to make individual solutions. He then feed the solution to plants, and found that the richest soil created the greatest product among the plants. Woodward hadShow MoreRelatedAquaponics as an Alternative to Conventional Agriculture Essay1997 Words   |  8 Pages and that we are running out of ways to feed ourselves. The most pressing issue we must decide how to handle, in the face of booming population, is how to deal with our current agricultural system. This paper will present the most damaging side-effects of conventional agriculture and will show how aquaponics, a nearly entirely self-sustaining agricultural system, addresses these impacts. Around the halfway point of the century, the UN predicts there will be 9.6 billion people on Earth (UN 2013)Read MoreAgriculture : A Global Environmental And Humanitarian Issue1489 Words   |  6 Pagescollective power of the UN to ultimately address these issues and find solutions. Another problem is stacking one’s self against large corporations like Monsanto that have teams of lawyers at their disposal. With this David vs. Goliath situation, it almost seems impossible. Norman Borlaug (The Father of the Green Revolution) is another person who has had tremendous effects on agriculture over the last century and is even credited with saving over a billion lives with the work he did in the 1960-70’sRead More The War on Drugs and U.S. Foreign Policy Essay4152 Words   |  17 Pages66% reduction in coca cultivation and Bolivia experienced a 53% reduction, coca cultivation in Columbia doubled. In addition, more potent strains of coca have been developed, leading to higher yielding coca crops.† This example shows the adverse effects of the policy of eradication. Main Cocaine Producing Countries Finally, the last way that the United States enforces is foreign policy on drugs is legislative reform. Legislative reform entails the laws passed to combat drug traffickingRead MoreRevision Exercise Form 4 Biology4906 Words   |  20 Pagesconcentration of the cells that are placed in the solution. 12. The direction of the movement of water molecules across the plasma membrane depends on the concentration gradient. 13. Water molecules in the hypertonic solution diffuse across the membrane against the concentration gradient. 14. Plants cells undergo plasmolysis in a hypertonic solution. 15. In a hypotonic solution, plants cells undergo haemolysis. 16. A plasmolysed cell cannot become turgid again when placed in distilled water. 17. The concentrationRead MoreJames Finlays Attachment8695 Words   |  35 Pagesyear. Today, flowers are a fundamental part of the Finlay’s’ portfolio and the group of companies that make up the division reflect all the stages of the growing and service delivery process. From propagation of plant material and production on hydroponics (growing plants in sand, gravel or liquid with added nutrients but no soil), to post-harvest treatment, preparation of complex packed-at-source bouquets, and then cold-chain transport from farm gate to international airports, this process concludesRead MoreAgriculture in the Caribbean7544 Words   |  31 Pagesor manufacture new products. Supermarkets, financial institutions and businesses benefit from the earnings of individuals involved in agriculture. Environmental management Through agricultural activities man interacts with the environment. The effects of this interaction may be positive or negative. Since agriculture depends on the natural resources, the goal of all persons who benefit directly and in directly from agriculture should be to promote the use of agricultural practices that are environmentally

The Problem Of Human Rights Law - 1361 Words

This essay will argue that human rights law is not completely of no assistance in dealing with homelessness. However, it will discuss its deficiencies in dealing with homelessness. It will focus on how the human Rights law influences decision making policies in protecting and preventing new range of homelessness, this will be discussed from the United Nations perspectives. It will also emphasize on the provisions and the influence of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) on the domestic law in relation to the issue of homelessness, likewise the emergence of the Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA), its effect in dealing with homelessness in the United Kingdom, with reference to the case law. This paper will also compare and elaborate on the effect of the anti-squatter legislation ‘Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012, (LASPO)’ to the Criminal law Act 1977. Moreover, it will analyse the effect of criminalisation of the squatters in our society and it s contradiction to Human Rights law. The effect of the Human Rights law on public authorities will be discussed in relation to International Human Rights perspectives, i.e. the intervention of the United Nations in protecting the anti-homelessness legislations in various countries, as we see in United Kingdom, Australia and Hungary. It will finally conclude by acknowledge the facts that, although the Human Rights law in some aspects curtailed to a certain degree the escalation of homelessness by protectingShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Human Rights1581 Words   |  7 PagesHuman rights have yet to become the major local approach to social justice as applied to the practice of early marriage in the Amhara Regional State, in Ethiopia. Currently, the language of rights in Ethiopia is intertwined with the formal law and the packaging of rights via government channels. There is negligible political space for the international human rights norms to penetrate the community without the int ermediary role of government institutions and networks. This to the large part is attributedRead MoreWhat Is More Harm Than Good?1721 Words   |  7 PagesMore harm than good? The impact of the United Kingdom’s laws and policies on sex workers’ and trafficked individuals’ human rights or Would U.K laws and policies on sex workers and trafficked individuals be more effective if society understood and accepted the problem? Research background and questions According to the United Kingdom Home Office, the anti†slavery legislation currently being upheld in the United Kingdom (hereinafter UK), uses the term modern slavery as a catch-all phrase whenRead MoreHuman Rights in History1119 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout history, human rights have been violated and there have been people trying to fight for their rights but many have failed. Each human being has the same equal rights at the time of birth and that should not change at any given moment. Human rights entitle a person’s right to freedom of expression and movement, equality before the law, the rights to live, right to education, religion, and to own property as it states in the (preamble). People all around the world should know and understandRead MoreThe Role Of Standardisation Of Human Rights1170 Words   |  5 Pagesfacilitating human rights, with particular focus on women’s rights. For a kick up, clear definitions of the key terms, standar disation and human rights will be given. The connection between the two will be further exploited in depth as the write up progresses. According to Wikipedia.org, human rights are ‘commonly understood as inalienable fundamental rights to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Read MoreThe United Nations Convention On The Rights Of Peoples With Disabilities1552 Words   |  7 Pagesis unable to perform the same act with the same efficiency. This is the problem with accessibility it is thought as of an action that is done with no ease for those with the ability to do so, but that is not the case for peoples with disabilities. The United Nations Convention on the rights of peoples with disabilities and the United Nations Convention on the right to education both state that education is a fundamental right that all are equally eligible to obtain. The CRPD states that educationRead MoreInternational Law And Regional Initiatives For Combating Human Trafficking Essay1624 Words   |  7 PagesInternational Law and Regional Initiatives for Combating Human Trafficking in South Asia By Mahmudul Hasan For last few months our attention has been fixed at newspaper headlines that read the news about human trafficking from South Asia distained to Southeast Asian countries–especially to Malaysia and Thailand–through the sea. Evidently, most of the identified trafficked victims, for last few months, are Rohingya Muslims–who are persecuted from their own country, Myanmar–and rests of them are BangladeshiRead MoreChild Labor During A Nike Factory1666 Words   |  7 Pagesespecially focuses on the problem of Child Labor in Pakistan with respect to the case of the world-renowned sports brand Nike and its use of children in its factories in Pakistan. A set of laws that can be established to eradicate this evil from Pakistan have been elaborated upon in the paper, these proposals include the Trafficking Victim Protection Reauthorization Act (TVPRA), the International Human Right Treaty by the General Assembly, International Criminal Court (ICC), penalty laws for b usinesses practicingRead MoreWhats going on in india?1397 Words   |  6 PagesMost of us dont understand what it is like to have our basic human rights violated. Nor will many of us every really understand. In India, their citizens are suffering from many different types of violations. For instance, people are being tortured. Women are being raped and single handedly being deprived of their rights. Many women are being kidnapped, raped, tortured and some even end up being killed. 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This practice makes much money for those who traffic humans, and destroys the lives of its victims. Brothels have been legal in Germany since 2002, and it is no coincidence that Germany s largest brothel is just a few miles drive from the French border. Prostitution

Character Development of Julius Caesar Essay Example For Students

Character Development of Julius Caesar Essay There are two types of techniques an author uses in writings. One type is indirect characterization; this is when the author clues you in on the personality of a character. The other type is direct characterization. Direct characterization is when the author directly states what the personality of a character is. In the literary piece Julius Caesar, William Shakespeare uses indirect characterization to develop the character of Caesar. Shakespeare reveals to the reader that Caesar is superstitious, physically weak, and egotistical. Shakespeare develops Caesar as a superstitious character is during the Feast of Lupercal. He is superstitious during the Feast of Lupercal, because he tells Mark Anthony to touch Calpurnia when he runs in the holy chase. This makes him superstitious, because Calpurnia has never had a child. The elders in the drama say that if someone touches a female who is sterile, it will break the sterile curse. Shakespeare uses indirect characterization to reveal to the reader that Caesar is physically weak. The way Shakespeare shows that Caesar is physically weak is when Cassius is talking about the race that Caesar and Cassius had in the Tiber River. Caesar was caught in the tide, and he is asking Cassius for help. Caesar cried, Help me, Cassius, or I sink. Caesar was also physically weak, because he had epilepsy. Epilepsy is a falling disease. Through indirect characterization, Shakespeare shows that Caesar is egotistical. Egotistical is to be self centered, and conceited. When Caesar ignores the soothsayers warning of Beware of the Ides of March. Caesar is being egotistical, because he thinks that nothing will happen to him on the ides of March. Caesar was also egotistical when he said he was like the North Star. Caesar is saying he is high above all people like the North Star is from the Earth. Through indirect characterization, Shakespeare has shown the reader how Caesar is a superstitious, physically weak, and egotistical. The character of Caesar is an important one to develop, because of the name of the drama, Julius Caesar.

Whos For The Game Essay Example For Students

Whos For The Game?   Essay In God! How I Hate You Arthur Graeme West uses slang in the title to point out that he does not literally mean that he hates God, but that he hates people like Rupert Brooke and Jessie Pope for telling lies and using propagandistic techniques in their poems to persuade young men that war is challenging. But West uncovers the truth about war along with many other poets. He uses detailed words and phrases to describe to us the horrors that went on in war, is neck against the back slope of the trench and the rest doubled between, his head smashed like an eggshell and the warm grey brain splattered all bloody on the parados These words give us a very disturbing image and shows us the reality of what could happen at war. Young men in the time of war were not interested in poems like these because they did not give them the positive information on war. But not all men were as ignorant as some, some read these poems and made a right decision by not going to war. We will write a custom essay on Whos For The Game?   specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In Whos For The Game?  Is a propagandistic poem which is aimed at young men to corrupt their minds into thinking that war is positive. Whos for the game, the biggest thats played? Working men did not have much excitement in their lives before the war came. Pope focuses on telling men the positive side of war, which is a lie because there is no positive side to war, and leaves out all the negative while Arthur Graeme West only focuses on the negative which is the truth. Come along, lads this shows Jessie Pope uses colloquial language and addresses her poem to ordinary working men. This attracts young men because it is written in an informal language which is aimed more at young men then it would be at old men. On the other hand Peace and Whos For The Game? are two very similar poems in the fact that they both discuss war in a positive ways and put positive images into the readers head. God be thanked who has matched us with this hour this shows that Brooke is thanking God for blessing everyone with was because that created opportunities for heroism, to be remembered throughout history and motivation to live. War also created a chance for men to compete and challenge each other to see who comes out on top. Brooke also describes war as Peace even thought its the complete opposite. caught our youth and awakened us from sleeping This phrase shows that young men were in a dream of peace where they thought war was going to be the best thing that ever happened to them but they were awakened by how terrible war really was. The dream of peace has a positive meaning but comes to a negative comment overall because soldiers realise what they got themselves into. Young men wanted to become heroes desperately and but were persuaded for the wrong reasons. They could have done some other activity to receive heroism or medals for but they chose war. Dulce Et Decorum Est and Does It Matter are poems that make you feel sorry for people caught up in war. In Dulce Et Decorum Est the poet uses detailed descriptions of how soldiers died to create sympathy for men caught up in war. Come, gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs This phrase describes a soldier who had been exposed to gas. Owen also refers to propagandistic poets like Jessie Pope in his poem using sarcasm like my friend Owen, in fact, despises people like Jessie Pope and hate the fact that they have written poems about war like its all a game and nobody really gets hurt. Does It Matter? is similar to Dulce Et Decorum Est in a way that it also discusses the horrors of war but in more detail. Sassoons poem gives us details or the after effects and wounds of war. These wounds arent only physical, but metal as well. Does it matter? loosing your legs? Does it matter? losing your sight? Do they matter? .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073 , .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073 .postImageUrl , .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073 , .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073:hover , .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073:visited , .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073:active { border:0!important; } .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073:active , .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073 .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8fbd0780b580f5e5c76b5d2467954073:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Two Tragic Hereo's Are Better Than One (Medea/Jason) EssayThose dreams from the pit? Many men that fought in the war received some kind of wound, whether it was a scratch on the arm or the complete loss of sight. In my opinion the worst wound of them all is suffering from shell shock because its a mental disease and once you get it completely ruins your life because you go mad. Sassoon also uses sarcasm in the quotes, pretending to agree with the civilian speaker of each stanza. He knows that the reality of war wounds is more cruel ,though, as it means a lifetime of suffering and people fear and dislike the wounded and want to forget them quickly.

Roosevelt was bold Essay Example

Roosevelt was bold Essay Example Roosevelt was bold Essay Roosevelt was bold Essay We will review this statement and in conclusion we will agree or disagree with it. Using the sources to support and justify our argument. Roosevelt succeeded Hoover as President, on his assassination in 1901. Roosevelt became very popular and became famous for tackling business monopolies, and initiating the conservation of natural resources to cut down on unemployment. He also won the Nobel Peace Prize. He was born to a wealthy, upper class merchant and was well educated and attended Harvard where he developed political interests. There is no doubt and we can immediately agree with the first three points of the title because Roosevelt was certainly a bold man however the last, but he was not bold enough, is thoroughly disputable and can be argued with the use of the sources. When we look at source A we can not extract much useful information in relevance to the title. The letter is an extremely small example of the 5000 to 8000 letters that Roosevelt received every day. The letter is from a citizen euphorically thanking the president for stopping the reposition of their house. This shows that Roosevelt had support and was interested in the community. Also it shows that the Roosevelt US is a good place but it does not show anything about how bold FDR was. The source is a reliable primary source and so is reliable but does not show us anywhere near the whole picture. The source is also not useful because it bears no resemblance to the title but does show some aspects of Roosevelt and his popularity. Source B is photographic and so is totally reliable although is subtly limited by its medium. The picture is also probably a propaganda piece showing the caring president taken the effort to spend time with the poor, working class. It was taken at a time when unemployment was at an all time high and it shows the people the good effect of the new deal employment schemes. It shows that he was bold appearing in public with the working class and mixing classes as he was from an upper class family. Everyone is smiling in the photo, which projects a good image of the president. The photo shows that FDR was bold but shows no limits to this boldness. The graph in source B is the first good example of Roosevelts boldness. The unemployment levels peak in 1933 at the time of the Wall Street crash and also around the time that FDR came to power. Roosevelt is bold enough to spend very much state money on employment schemes in his new deal and this works because the levels of unemployment fall, not dramatically but slowly. He keeps up this government spending until 1937 and at this point he cuts the funds and the unemployment figures rise sharply. This completely agrees with the title. It shows that he was bold to spend the money on these schemes and he told everyone what he was doing, but as soon as the situation had improved he was not bold enough to keep up the funding on the employment schemes. This source is reliable because it is totally compiled of facts. It is also useful because it shows each aspect of the title and agrees with it. The next source, D is an example of the opposition to Roosevelt in the form of unemployment and benefit figures. The company would have published this document to raise an opposition against FDR. The problem that this American company clearly has with the presidency is the fact that acts were passed to disenable companies to employ any form of cheap labour in the form of child labour or pensioners. They are also getting at the fact and are making out that Roosevelt is a lazy public school boy who would prefer to be fishing than running the country. This shows that Roosevelt was bold to bring in these acts to prevent cheap labour but does not show that he was not bold enough. This source is not reliable because it uses fictional figures. It does however have the use of showing us the mood of employers in and around 1936 but this bears little relevance to the question. Next we can see that source E is clearly reliable and factual clearly from the fact that it is taken from a textbook. Although an American text book there is no market for a non-factual, bias textbook. In this source it speaks of care and confidence, which are both, characterised in boldness. It supports the second phrase in the title by speaking of his fireside chats press conferences and endless mail. We can see communication and boldness in this source there appears to be no lack of boldness. This source is extremely useful and because it is so reliable it can almost singularly back up my argument. It is certain and made even clearer with the use of these few sources that Roosevelt was definitely a bold man. We can also now say though in conclusion that there is no evidence in these sources that there was any limitation to Roosevelts boldness and courage. We can safely say therefore that; Roosevelt was bold. He told people what he was going to do. And he did it.

STAR Early Literacy

STAR Early Literacy STAR Early Literacy is an online adaptive assessment program developed by Renaissance Learning for students typically in grades PK-3. The program uses a series of questions to assess a student’s early literacy and early numeracy skills through a simple process. The program is designed to support teachers with individual student data quickly and accurately. It typically takes a student 10-15 minutes to complete an assessment and reports are available immediately upon completion. There are four parts to the assessment. The first part is a short demonstrative tutorial that teaches the student how to use the system. The second part is a short practice component designed to ensure that the students understand how to manipulate the mouse or use the keyboard correctly to answer each question. The third part consists of a short set of practice questions to prepare the student for the actual assessment. The final part is the actual assessment. It consists of twenty-nine early literacy and early numeracy questions. Students have one and a half minutes to answer each question before the program automatically moves them to the next question. Easy to Set up and Use STAR Early Literacy is a Renaissance Learning program. This is important because if you have Accelerated Reader, Accelerated Math, or any of the other STAR assessments, you only have to do the set up one time. Adding students and building classes is quick and easy. You can add a class of about twenty students and have them ready to be assessed in about 15 minutes. Designed Well for Students to Use The interface is straightforward. Each question is read by a narrator. While the narrator is reading the question, the mouse pointer turns into an ear directing the student to listen. After the question is read, a â€Å"ding† tone indicates that the student may then select their response. The student has two choices in the way that they select their response. They can use their mouse and click on the correct choice or they can you the 1, 2, or 3 keys that correlate to the correct answer. Students are locked into their answer if they use their mouse, but they are not locked into their answer if they use the 1, 2, 3 select methods until they hit enter. This can be a problem for younger students that have not been exposed to manipulating a computer mouse or using a keyboard. In the top right-hand corner of the screen, there is a box that the student can click to have the narrator repeat the question at any time. In addition, the question is repeated every fifteen seconds of inactivity until time runs out. Each question is given  on a one and a half minute timer. When a student has fifteen seconds remaining a small clock will begin to flash at the top of the screen letting them know that time is about to expire for that question. A Good Tool for Teachers STAR Early Literacy assesses forty-one skill sets in ten essential literacy and numeracy domains. The ten domains include alphabetic principle, the concept of word, visual discrimination, phonemic awareness, phonics, structural analysis, vocabulary, sentence level comprehension, paragraph level comprehension, and early numeracy. The program also allows teachers to set goals and monitor a student’s progress as they move throughout the year. It allows them to create an individualized instructional path to building on skills they are proficient in and improve upon their individual skills in which they need intervention. Teachers are also able to use STAR Early Literacy throughout the year quickly and accurately to decide whether they need to change their approach with a particular student or continue doing what they are doing. STAR Early Literacy has an extensive assessment bank that allows students to be assessed multiple times without seeing the same question. Reports STAR Early Literacy is designed to provide teachers with useful information that will drive their instructional practices. STAR Early Literacy provides teachers with several useful reports designed to assist in targeting which students need intervention and what areas they need assistance in. Here are six key reports available through STAR Early Literacy and a brief explanation of each: Diagnostic - Student: The student diagnostic report provides the most information about an individual student. It offers information such as the student’s scaled score, literacy classification, sub-domain scores, and individual skill set scores on a scale of 0-100.Diagnostic – Class: The class diagnostic report provides information related to the class as a whole. It shows how the class as a whole performed in each of the forty-one assessed skills. Teachers can use this report to drive whole class instruction to cover concepts in which the majority of the class shows they need intervention.Growth: This report shows the growth of a group of students over a specific period of time. This period of time is customizable from a few weeks to months, to even growth over the course of several years.Instructional Planning - Class: This report provides teachers with a list of recommended skills to drive the whole class or small group instruction. This report also allows you to gro up students into four ability groups and provides suggestions for meeting each group’s specific learning needs. Instructional Planning - Student: This report provides teachers with a list of recommended skills and suggestions to drive individualized instruction.Parent Report: This report provides teachers with an informational report to give to parents. This letter provides details about each student’s progress. It also provides instructional suggestions that parents can do at home with their child to improve their scores. Relevant Terminology Scaled Score (SS): The scaled score is figured based on the difficulty of the questions as well of the number of questions that were correct. STAR Early Literacy uses a scale range of 0-900. This score can be used to compare students to each other, as well as themselves, over time.Early Emergent Reader: Scaled score of 300-487. Student has a beginning understanding that printed text has meaning. They have a rudimentary understanding that reading involves letters, words, and sentences. They also are beginning to identify numbers, letters, shapes, and colors.Late Emergent Reader: Scaled score of 488-674. Student knows most letters and letter sounds. They are expanding their vocabulary, listening skills, and knowledge of print. They are starting to read picture books and familiar words.Transitional Reader: Scaled score of 675-774. Student has mastered alphabet and letter sound skills. Can identify beginning and ending sounds as well vowel sounds. They likely have the ability to blend so unds and read basic words. They can use context clues such as pictures to figure out words. Probable Reader: Scaled score of 775-900. Student is becoming skilled at recognizing words at a faster rate. They also are beginning to understand what they are reading. They blend sounds and word parts to read words and sentences. The Bottom Line STAR Early Literacy is a respectable early literacy and early numeracy assessment program. Its best features are that it is quick and easy to use, and reports can be generated in seconds. A key issue with this program is that for younger students who lack mouse skills or computer skills, the scores may be negatively skewed. However, this is an issue with virtually any computer-based program at this age. Overall, we give this program 4 out of 5 stars because the program provides teachers with a solid tool to identify early literacy and early numeracy skills that require intervention.

Sports Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Sports Psychology - Essay Example The inches we need are everywhere around us. They are in every break of the game, every minute, every second. On this team, we fight for that inch. On this team, we tear ourselves, and everyone around us to pieces for that inch. We CLAW with our finger nails for that inch. Cause we know when we add up all those inches thats going to make the fucking difference between WINNING and LOSING between LIVING and DYING,† the character of Al Pacino in Any Given Sunday. Motivational speeches are necessary as any sports psychologist will tell you. Mental preparation allows athletes tap that extra strength that usually comes out when at the height of enthusiasm. That’s why you hear about people lifting cars to save someone or jumping at heights not even Michael Jordan could have one for a game winning shot. Sport psychology professionals use all devices to help an athlete get motivated such as imagery and, like Al Pacino, deliver a speech as if humanity’s existence depends on it. Psychologists Robert M. Yerkes and John D. Dodson developed a hypothetical law that relates arousal with performance in 1908, based on biopsychology and neuroscience research. This is called the Inverted-U hypothesis. The theory says that as the arousal of an athlete increases, so does the performance. It will continue to increase until it reaches its peak. After that, if the arousal continues, the performance deteriorates. This hypothesis explains how the person’s arousal can affect its performance. It tells that a person’s performance can be maximized on a certain level of arousal. But the relationship between the level of performance and the level of arousal comes with the condition; both too low and too high level of arousal can produce low level or poor performance, while a moderate level of arousal can produce a high positive level of performance. This theory is illustrated on a diagram with two lines representing the arousal and the performance